The Secrets of Aging: A One Health Approach to Canine and Human Well-being

Aging is a natural process that transcends species, affecting both humans and our loyal canine companions. As our furry friends gracefully age, they encounter medical conditions that often mirror those experienced by humans. The intersection of aging research in dogs and humans presents a unique opportunity for a One Health approach, unraveling shared complexities and potential breakthroughs. This article delves into the fascinating world of research on aging, drawing parallels between senior dogs and humans, and highlighting the invaluable insights gained from translational studies.

Aging

Similarities in Aging:

Getting old may not be for the weak, but it’s an inevitable part of life. Approximately 1 in 4 dogs will develop neoplasia at some point, with almost half of dogs over the age of 10 facing the daunting diagnosis of cancer. In humans, cancer stands as the second most common cause of death, following heart disease. This shared vulnerability emphasizes the need for comprehensive research that addresses aging in both species.

Canine Cognitive Decline (CCD):

A poignant similarity between aging dogs and humans lies in canine cognitive decline (CCD). Present in 28% of dogs aged 11 to 12 years, CCD becomes even more prevalent, affecting 68% of dogs around 15 to 16 years old. The symptoms of CCD closely parallel those observed in humans with dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), including disorientation, memory problems, changes in activity levels, and pathologies such as brain atrophy. Notably, AD ranks as the seventh leading cause of death in humans.

Technological Advancements and the Dog Aging Project (DAP):

In the modern era of technological advancements, researchers are harnessing the power of big data to unlock the mysteries of aging in dogs. The Dog Aging Project (DAP), generously funded by the National Institute on Aging, has embarked on a groundbreaking journey since its inception in 2019. With an impressive enrollment of over 45,000 dogs, the project aims not only to enhance veterinary care but also to inform and revolutionize human medicine.

Aging

End of Life Survey (EOLS):

Taking inspiration from human medicine, DAP researchers have adopted a holistic approach. A crucial component of their efforts is the creation of an End of Life Survey (EOLS), designed to gather owner-reported mortality data about companion dogs. This collaborative effort, involving veterinary health professionals and human gerontology experts, promises to provide a deeper understanding of the aging process in both dogs and humans.

As we navigate the intricate journey of aging, the convergence of research on senior dogs and humans sheds light on shared vulnerabilities and potential breakthroughs. The One Health approach, exemplified by initiatives like the Dog Aging Project, underscores the interconnectedness of human and animal health. By unraveling the secrets of aging in our canine companions, we pave the way for advancements that benefit both veterinary care and human medicine, fostering a future where aging is understood, managed, and embraced with compassion and knowledge.

References:

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